Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
A summary of the carrying amount of goodwill attributable to each segment as well as the changes in such amounts are as follows:
Memorialization Industrial Technologies SGK Brand
Solutions
Consolidated
Net goodwill at September 30, 2023
$ 366,015  $ 115,073  $ 217,021  $ 698,109 
Additions during period 2,551  —  —  2,551 
Translation and other adjustments 3,397  620  3,204  7,221 
Net goodwill at March 31, 2024
$ 371,963  $ 115,693  $ 220,225  $ 707,881 

The net goodwill balances at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 included $261,186 of accumulated impairment losses. Accumulated impairment losses at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 were $5,000, $23,946 and $232,240 for the Memorialization, Industrial Technologies and SGK Brand Solutions segments, respectively.
Note 16.   Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (continued)

The Company performed its annual impairment review of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 (January 1, 2024) and determined that the estimated fair values for all goodwill reporting units exceeded their carrying values, therefore no impairment charges were necessary. The results of this review indicated that the estimated fair value of the Company's SGK Brand Solutions reporting unit exceeded the carrying value (expressed as a percentage of carrying value) by approximately 7%. The fair value for the reporting unit was determined using level 3 inputs (including estimates of revenue growth, EBITDA contribution and the discount rates) and a combination of the income approach using the estimated discounted cash flows and a market-based valuation methodology. If current projections are not achieved or specific valuation factors outside the Company's control (such as discount rates and continued economic and industry challenges) significantly change, additional goodwill write-downs may be necessary in future periods.

The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and related accumulated amortization for intangible assets as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively.
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
March 31, 2024:        
Indefinite-lived trade names $ 30,540  $ —  $ 30,540 
Definite-lived trade names 151,338  (124,986) 26,352 
Customer relationships 379,416  (295,742) 83,674 
Copyrights/patents/other 19,268  (15,950) 3,318 
  $ 580,562  $ (436,678) $ 143,884 
September 30, 2023:
     
Indefinite-lived trade names $ 30,540  $ —  $ 30,540 
Definite-lived trade names 151,185  (122,474) 28,711 
Customer relationships 378,161  (280,910) 97,251 
Copyrights/patents/other 19,375  (15,399) 3,976 
$ 579,261  $ (418,783) $ 160,478 
The net change in intangible assets during the six months ended March 31, 2024 included the impact of foreign currency fluctuations during the period, additional amortization, and additions related to a small acquisition within the Memorialization segment.
Amortization expense on intangible assets was $8,959 and $10,517 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense on intangible assets was $18,754 and $20,859 for the six-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to be $17,736 for the remainder of fiscal 2024, $20,614 in 2025, $14,293 in 2026, $13,200 in 2027 and $11,135 in 2028.